Kishartyáni Kamieńny Otwór

The Kőlyuk is found in Middle Miocene marine deposits known as Leitha limestone, formed some 15–16 million years ago when the region was covered by the warm, shallow waters of the ancient Pannonian Sea. The porous and less compact layers within the sedimentary rock were gradually dissolved by infiltrating rainwater, resulting in the formation of this natural cave-like hollow—a textbook example of karstification.

The cliff wall showcases the horizontal stratification typical of marine limestone, and sometimes even contains fossil imprints such as shells. Visitors can observe various forms shaped by chemical weathering—cracks, cavities, and solution features—making this a highly instructive site for geological education.

Beyond its geological relevance, the Kőlyuk and its surroundings are rich in biodiversity. The limestone-based grasslands and shrublands provide habitats for unique flora and fauna, while the elevated position of the rock face makes it a good lookout point for birdwatching and nature photography.

A short hiking path leads to the site, making it easily accessible for families with young children or elderly visitors. Its scenic and educational qualities make it a valuable destination for school groups and eco-tourists alike.

The Novohrad–Nógrád Geopark aims not only to conserve natural heritage but also to make it accessible and meaningful to local communities and visitors. The Kőlyuk exemplifies this mission: it is a geoscientific site that also offers aesthetic, recreational, and educational value. Its integration into the Geopark enhances local identity, promotes environmental awareness, and contributes to the development of sustainable tourism in the region.